Living organism (level of organisation)

Life exist in an organised form so as to carry out efficiently the characteristics of living things.
Organisation of life is the existence of life from a single-celled organism to a multicellular organism with complex forms that perform different functions
Four level of organisation exist :-
1. Cell :- some living exist as a cell capable of carrying out all the characteristics of living things. Eg Amoeba Chlamydomonas Paramecium and
Euglena
2. Tissues :- A tissue is a collection of cells which are similar in structure and perform similar functions. Hydra Is an example of animal that is made up of tissues only. examples are blood, epithelial skeletal etc
3. Organ :- An organ is a collection of different tissues that perform a common function or functions. Example of organs are heart, roots, kidney etc
4. System :- A system is a set of organs which co-operate to carry out one vital functions of life. Eg digestive system, reproductive system etc

Living organism (organelles functions)

Organelles(cell structure)  are the functional unit of a cell their functions are as follows
1. NUCLEUS:- it's d largest cell organelle surrounded by two membrane(envelope).
D nucleus contains chromatin (chromosomes)  which house d DNA which is organised into genes. Genes controls the activities of the cell.
The cell also contains the NUCLEOLUS that manufacture ribosomes.
2. CENTRIOLES:- centriole is found only in the animal cell, they grow into spindle fibres during nuclear division
3. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM(ER) :- they are two types of ER-the smooth ER and the Rough ER.
The rough ER have ribosomes attached to it while the smooth ER does not.
the rough ER help in transporting proteins formed by the attached ribosomes while the smooth ER makes lipid and steroids
4. GOLGI APPARATUS:- the apparatus collects, processes and sorts molecules ready for transport in GOLGI VESICLES.
5.LYSOSOMES:- they contain hydrolytic(digestive) enzymes which helps in breaking down unwanted substances
6. MITOCHONDRIAL :- it carries out the later stages of aerobic respiration which is making ATP.. they are referred to as the energy site they also involve in the synthesis of lipids
7. PLASMA MEMBRANE:- it controls the exchange between cell and its environment.
8. CILIA:- this organelle is also found in animal only. if they are just a few of them they are FLAGELLA.. They help in movement of cells
9. CELL WALL:- helps in keeping the cell rigid..it's present only in plant
10.  CHloROPLAST:- site for photosynthesis and found only in plant

Living organism (Cell structure and structures)

  Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life, the  [b] protoplasm is the organized complex material of which living cells are made
Cell theory States that
1 . all living things are made up of a cell or cells
2. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living things
3. New cells arise from pre-existing cells by cell division
Cell structure
Cell is composed of cytoplasm and nucleus(protoplasm)
CYTOPLASM :- it's outside d nucleus and consist of mitochondrial, lysosomes, ribosome, golgi apparatus centrosome and vacoules all bounded by the cell membrane (plasma membrane)
NUCLEUS :- the nucleus is bounded by a thin living nuclear membrane that separates it from cytoplasm. The membranes has tiny pores that allow substances to go in and out of the nucleus.
  The nucleus contains nucleolus  nd chromatin
The functions of this mention structures (organelles)  will be posted next

1. living organism(characteristics)

1. Living organism
  Characteristics of living things includes
MOVEMENT: living organisms moves from one place to another for search of food and shelter, most organisms has developed structure for movement :cilia flagella leg feather etc
REPRODUCTION: living organism has d ability to reproduce - bringing forth young ones- unicellular organisms reproduce mostly by mitotic division while multicellular organism possesses organ for such
NUTRITION: Nutrition is a process by which living organism obtain and utilize materials from external environment 4 metabolic activities -
IRRITABILITY: living organisms have d ability to respond to stimuli.. Which enables them to run away at the sight of danger
GROWTH : living organism has d ability to grow, unicellular organisms grow with increase in cytoplasmic content while multicellular organism grow with increase in cell achieved through mitosis
EXCRETION : Excretion is the removal of the metabolic waste material from the body of organism
RESPIRATION: living organisms has the ability to respire
DEATH: all living organism dies

More to come later today